Unit 8 Reading Guide
Chapter 21, Section 1 (Notice that we are reading Chapter 21 BEFORE we read Chapter 20
1. What was the Plessy v. Ferguson decision? Why was it important?
2. How did WWII set the stage for the Civil Rights Movement? (3 things)
3. Who was the attorney who represented the NAACP in the Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka Supreme
Court case?
4. What decision did the Supreme Court make in Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka?
5. At what High School did the President have to enforce the decision of the Court in Brown v. Board?
6. What was Martin Luther King’s role in the Montgomery Bus Boycott? hat was Rosa Parks’ role?
7. What was the name of the organization King started to push for civil rights? What organization led the 1st
lunch counter “sit in?”
Chapter 21, Section 2
8. Who were the Freedom Riders?
9. Why was Birmingham, Alabamacalled “the most segregated city in America?”
10. What was MLK’s answer to his critics who felt he was pushing the civil rights movement too fast? ( See
page )
11. Where did MLK deliver his famous, “I have a dream,”speech? What was the occasion?
12. Explain how the Civil Rights Act of 1964 was a success for civil rights leaders
13. What was Freedom Summer?
14. Why was the Voting Rights Act of 1965 a major civil rights victory?
Chapter 21, Section 3
15. What is the difference between “de jour” and “de facto” segregation?
16. How did the Civil Rights Movement change beginning in the mid 1960s?
17. How did Malcolm X’s view of what needed to be done to advance civil rights for African-Americans differ
from MLK’s?
18. Who was the leader of the Black Panthers and what was“Black Power”?
19. Why was 1968 considered a turning point in civil rights?
20. What is affirmative action?
Chapter 20, Section 1 (Notice that we are reading Chapter 21 BEFORE we read Chapter 20)
21. What factors played a major role in helping John F. Kennedy win the presidential election of 1960?
22. Why is JFK’s time in office referred to as “The Camelot Years?”
23. What was Kennedy’s “flexible response” idea toward foreign policy?
24. Why did President Eisenhower ask Congress to enact trade barriers and later cut off diplomatic relations
with Cuba?
25. Why was the CIA-plannedBay of Pigs Invasion in 1961 a failure?
26. What led to the Cuban Missile Crisis in 1962?
27. Why was the Berlin Wall erected?
Chapter 20, Section 2
28. To what was JFK referring when he talked about “The New Frontier?”
29. What was JFK’s program to provide voluntary assistance to developing nations in Asia, Africa,
and Latin America?
30. What was one of the main reasons for the Alliance for Progress?
31. Why did JFK say we needed to win the space race?
32. To what did JFK refer when he talked of “the other America?”
33. Identify three facts or events surrounding John F. Kennedy’s assassination on November 22, 1963.
34. What were the findings of the Warren Commission?
Chapter 20, Section 3
35. What was President Lyndon Johnson’s “Great Society”?
36. What four things did the Economic Opportunity Act of 1964 do to fight LBJ’s “War on Poverty?”
37. What Great Society program provided low-cost health insurance to every American aged 65 and over?
38. Name the Supreme Court cases that
(a) established the principle of “one man, one vote?”;
(b) required that the accused be provided a lawyer to represent them at trial;
(c) said the accused has a right to have a lawyer present during questioning by the police;
(d) ruled that evidence seized illegally may not be admitted in court;
(e) ruled that the accused must be advised of his/her rights before he/she is questioned by the police.
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